Art. -Nr.: HY-128612

Methylnitronitrosoguanidine

(Synonyms: MNNG)

15 Cited Publications

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Based on 15 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Methylnitronitrosoguanidine (MNNG) is an orally active alkylating agent with toxic and mutagenic effects. Methylnitronitrosoguanidine can as a carcinogen and mutagen. 50% water content, specifications are based on dry weight.

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Reinheit: 99.97%
CAS. Nr.: 70-25-7
Formel: C₂H₅N₅O₃
Molecular Weight:147.09

Speicherung:

Pure form -20°C, 3 years

* The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

Methylnitronitrosoguanidine Chemical Structure

CAS. Nr.: 70-25-7

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Biologische Aktivität
- Beschreibung
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Induced Disease Models
Chemical Information
Publications (15)
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Reinheit & Dokumentation
Verweise
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biologische Aktivität

Beschreibung

Methylnitronitrosoguanidine (MNNG) is an orally active alkylating agent with toxic and mutagenic effects. Methylnitronitrosoguanidine can as a carcinogen and mutagen^[1]^[2]. 50% water content, specifications are based on dry weight.

In Vitro

Methylnitronitrosoguanidine (MNNG, 0-1100 nM; 24 h) has toxic and mutagenic effects among 3 human diploid lymphoblast lines, MIT-2, WI-L2, and GM 130^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Animal Model:

Male Wistar albino rats^[2]
Dosage:

200 mg/kg
Administration:

Oral administration, at 0 and 14th days
Result:

Had the incidence of gastric cancer in Wistar albino rats is 100%.

Induced Disease Models

Note:
Please do not refer to only one article to determine the experimental conditions. It is recommended to determine the optimal experimental conditions (animal strain, age, dosage, frequency and cycle, detection time and indicators, etc.) through preliminary experiments before the formal experiment.

Methylnitronitrosoguanidine (MNNG) is an alkylating agent that can be used to induce models of chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. In complete medium, the half-life of MNNG is approximately 70 minutes^[3].

Induction of chronic atrophic gastritis^[4]

Background

MNNG mainly simulates the transformation of nitrate into nitrosamine and other carcinogens in the stomach, which leads to chronic atrophic gastritis, dysplasia and even gastric carcinoma.

Specific Modeling Methods

Rat: Sprague-Dawley (SD) • male • 200 ~ 220 g (period: 10 weeks)
Administration: fed with pure water containing 170 μg/ml MNNG for 10 weeks

Note

(1) Pure water containing 170 μg/ml MNNG is stored in black bottles and refreshed every day since MNNG is not stable in solvent.

Modeling Indicators

Histopathological changes : Gastric mucosa pathological changes detected by HE staining.

Opposite Product(s): HY-N0103

Induction of gastric carcinoma^[5]

Background

MNNG is an alkylating agent, and its carcinogenicity is mainly due to its ability to covalently bond with the bases in DNA molecules to form alkylation products. This alkylation alters the way DNA is normally constructed and replicated, which leads to mutations in cells that can then develop into cancer.

Specific Modeling Methods

Rat: Wistar • male • 17w (period: 2 weeks)
Administration: 200 mg/kg • po • once daily for 2 weeks

Note

(1) Rats were given MNNG for 2 weeks followed by oral administration of NaCl (1 mL/rat) once every 3 days for 4 weeks.
(2) After 33 weeks, animals were allowed to fast and then were killed.

Modeling Indicators

Histopathological changes : Gastric mucosa pathological changes detected by HE staining.

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS. Nr. 70-25-7
Appearance Solid-Liquid Mixture
Molecular Weight 147.09
Formel C₂H₅N₅O₃
Color Light yellow to yellow
SMILES

N=C(N[N+]([O-])=O)N(C)N=O
Synonyms

MNNG
Versand

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Speicherung

Pure form	-20°C	3 years

* The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

Publications (15)

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Journal Impact Factor

Cancer Res

CircADAMTS12 Inhibits the Anti-Tumor Activity of Microglia to Enable Metastatic Colonization in the Brain. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 12. PMID: 40939177
Cell Death Dis

Sensing of endogenous retroviruses-derived RNA by ZBP1 triggers PANoptosis in DNA damage and contributes to toxic side effects of chemotherapy. [Abstract]

2024 Oct 27;15(10):779. PMID: 39465258

Methylnitronitrosoguanidine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2024 Oct 27;15(10):779. [Abstract]

N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG, 0.5 mM, 16 h) induced cell death in WT and ZBP1^−/− dermal fibroblasts.

Methylnitronitrosoguanidine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2024 Oct 27;15(10):779. [Abstract]

N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG, 0.5 mM, 16 h) induced Casp-3 cleavage, MLKL phosphorylation, and GSDME cleavage in WT dermal fibroblasts.
Phytomedicine

Astragaloside IV remodels gastric inflammation-cancer transformation by modulating the CXCL5-CXCR2 axis-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. [Abstract]

2026 Jun:155:158081. PMID: 41861684
J Ethnopharmacol

Network pharmacology-based exploration of the mechanism of Wenweishu granule in treating chronic atrophic gastritis with spleen-stomach cold deficiency syndrome. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 9:345:119591. PMID: 40054637

Methylnitronitrosoguanidine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Ethnopharmacol. 2025 Apr 9:345:119591. [Abstract]

N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG, 60 μM, 24 h) increased TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-12 and decreased IL-10 in GES-1 cells.

Methylnitronitrosoguanidine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Ethnopharmacol. 2025 Apr 9:345:119591. [Abstract]

N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG, 60 μM, 24 h) induced apoptosis in GES-1 cells.

Methylnitronitrosoguanidine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Ethnopharmacol. 2025 Apr 9:345:119591. [Abstract]

N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG, 60 μM, 24 h) upregulated the mRNA expression of PTEN, PI3K, AKT, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3, while downregulating Bax mRNA in GES-1 cells.

Methylnitronitrosoguanidine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Ethnopharmacol. 2025 Apr 9:345:119591. [Abstract]

N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG, 60 μM, 24 h) increased the expression of PTEN, PI3K, AKT, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3, and decreased the expression of Bax in GES-1 cells.
J Ethnopharmacol

Gallic acid alleviates gastric precancerous lesions through inhibition of epithelial mesenchymal transition via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2023 Feb 10;302(Pt A):115885. PMID: 36328204
J Agric Food Chem

Ginsenoside Rg1 Suppresses Pyroptosis via the NF-κB/NLRP3/GSDMD Pathway to Alleviate Chronic Atrophic Gastritis In Vitro and In Vivo. [Abstract]

2024 Jun 10. PMID: 38855973
Drug Des Devel Ther

Yangweishu Ameliorates Chronic Atrophic Gastritis with Stomach Yin Deficiency Syndrome Through IL-6/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 8:19:7865-7885. PMID: 40969849
Transl Res

Novel MSH2 and TSC2 variants in a Chinese family with Lynch syndrome and their synergistic impact in urothelial carcinoma. [Abstract]

2024 Mar:265:26-35. PMID: 37914149
Dig Liver Dis

TREM1 facilitates the development of gastric cancer through regulating neutrophil extracellular traps-mediated macrophage polarization. [Abstract]

2024 Jul;56(7):1237-1247. PMID: 38151453
BMC Cancer

PROTAC EZH2 degrader-1 overcomes the resistance of podophyllotoxin derivatives in refractory small cell lung cancer with leptomeningeal metastasis. [Abstract]

2024 Apr 22;24(1):504. PMID: 38644473
Biochem Biophys Rep

Bifendate inhibits cell PARthanatos by activating the MEK/ERK pathway. [Abstract]

2026 Jan 15:45:102454. PMID: 41584303
Toxicol Lett

miR-520f-3p blocks MNNG-induced gastric precancerous lesions via the KLF7/NFκB pathway. [Abstract]

2024 Feb:392:64-74. PMID: 38184286
Chem Biodivers

Molecular Mechanisms of Magnolol in Gastric Precancerous Lesions: A Computational and Experimental Study. [Abstract]

2025 Jan 14:e202402549. PMID: 39808163
Mol Cell Biol

Paeonol Ameliorates Gastric Mucosal Enterosis and Dysplasia Associated with Chronic Atrophic Gastritis by Modulating the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 19:1-18. PMID: 41852098
bioRxiv

2025 January 22.

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (679.86 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

6.7986 mL

33.9928 mL

67.9856 mL

5 mM

1.3597 mL

6.7986 mL

13.5971 mL

10 mM

0.6799 mL

3.3993 mL

6.7986 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

Molaritätsrechner

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Konzentration Konzentration

Volumen Volumen

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Verdünnungsrechner

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} × Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} = Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} × Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)}

Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} Volumen _{(Stammlösung)}

Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)}

Volumen _{(Ziellösung)} Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (14.14 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (14.14 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (14.14 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Select Batch:

Reinheit: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (281 KB)
SDS (563 KB)
- English - EN (563 KB)
- Français - FR (563 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (563 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (563 KB)
- Español - ES (563 KB)
- Swedish - SV (563 KB)
- Italian - IT (563 KB)
- Korean - KR (563 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (563 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

Verweise

[1]. Slapikoff SA, et, al. Comparison of toxicity and mutagenicity of methylnitrosourea, methylnitronitrosoguanidine and ICR-191 among human lymphoblast lines. Mutat Res. 1980 May;70(3):365-71. [Content Brief]

[2]. Zhang L, Jia B, et, al. Corilagin induces apoptosis and inhibits HMBG1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in a rat model of gastric carcinogenesis induced by methylnitronitrosoguanidine. Environ Toxicol. 2022 May;37(5):1222-1230. [Content Brief]

[3]. Bignami M, et al. Temporal dissociation in the exposure times required for maximal induction of cytotoxicity, mutation, and transformation by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in the BALB/3T3 ClA31-1-1 cell line. Cancer Res. 1984 Jun;44(6):2452-7. [Content Brief]

[4]. Wen JX, et al. Therapeutic effects and potential mechanism of dehydroevodiamine on N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced chronic atrophic gastritis. Phytomedicine. 2021 Oct;91:153619. [Content Brief]

[5]. Ghoneum MH, et al. Hydroferrate fluid, MRN-100, provides protection against chemical-induced gastric and esophageal cancer in Wistar rats. Int J Biol Sci. 2015 Jan 28;11(3):295-303. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	6.7986 mL	33.9928 mL	67.9856 mL	169.9640 mL
	5 mM	1.3597 mL	6.7986 mL	13.5971 mL	33.9928 mL
	10 mM	0.6799 mL	3.3993 mL	6.7986 mL	16.9964 mL
	15 mM	0.4532 mL	2.2662 mL	4.5324 mL	11.3309 mL
	20 mM	0.3399 mL	1.6996 mL	3.3993 mL	8.4982 mL
	25 mM	0.2719 mL	1.3597 mL	2.7194 mL	6.7986 mL
	30 mM	0.2266 mL	1.1331 mL	2.2662 mL	5.6655 mL
	40 mM	0.1700 mL	0.8498 mL	1.6996 mL	4.2491 mL
	50 mM	0.1360 mL	0.6799 mL	1.3597 mL	3.3993 mL
	60 mM	0.1133 mL	0.5665 mL	1.1331 mL	2.8327 mL
	80 mM	0.0850 mL	0.4249 mL	0.8498 mL	2.1245 mL
	100 mM	0.0680 mL	0.3399 mL	0.6799 mL	1.6996 mL

Keywords

Methylnitronitrosoguanidine

15 Cited Publications

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Methylnitronitrosoguanidine

MCE Bioactive Compound Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Methylnitronitrosoguanidine

Biologische Aktivität

Chemical Information

Publications (15)

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Verweise

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Methylnitronitrosoguanidine

MCE Bioactive Compound Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Methylnitronitrosoguanidine

Biologische Aktivität

Chemical Information

Publications (15)

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Verweise

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Methylnitronitrosoguanidine Related Classifications

HY-128612 Related Classifications